Definition of Agent Team An agent team $(\mathcal{A}\_{\tau})$ is a task-scale configuration of multiple agent instances that collaboratively perform a single task $(\tau)$ comprising multiple subtasks $(\mathcal{T}\_{\tau}=\{\tau\_1,\tau\_2,\ldots,\tau\_m\})$. Each agent instance $(A\_i\in\mathcal{A}\_{\tau})$ can participate in the execution of one or more subtasks $(\tau\_j\in\mathcal{T}\_{\tau})$ or assume a particular role $(r\_i)$ that contributes to performing the target task. The relationship between agent members and subtasks does not need to follow a fixed one-agent–one-subtask assignment: different agent members may perform different subtasks, multiple agent members may perform the same subtask, one agent member may participate in several subtasks, and these responsibilities may change as execution progresses. During task execution, agent members can take different actions $(a\_{i,t}\in\mathcal{U}\_{\tau,t})$ at execution step $(t)$, where $\mathcal{U}\_{\tau,t}$ represents the actions available to the team at that step. Such actions may include performing a subtask, communicating with other members, sharing contextual information or intermediate results, proposing an approach, requesting feedback, reviewing or critiquing another member’s work, comparing competing results, debating a decision, revising an intermediate result, coordinating subsequent actions, or contributing to the final task result. The agent team therefore represents an interaction-intensive form of task execution in which multiple agent members contribute through potentially different, overlapping, or changing responsibilities while collaboratively pursuing completion of the same target task. ...